The Beauty Of The Handmade Handbag

As handbags continue to serve both form and function in the world of women’s fashion, you will always find those designer bags that garner thousands of dollars and a bevy of admirers. But when it comes to making a fashion statement, just as many women consider the handmade handbag to be their calling card of choice.

A handmade handbag refers to any handbag that is not produced via machine. If you are someone who enjoys handcrafting products and are skilled in sewing, you can easily produce a handmade handbag right in the comfort of your own home. You can find patterns in any fabric stores - and even online - for a nominal price. And, of course, this kind of craftsmanship allows you to choose your own material; material that will reflect your personality and personal style. You can also include a multitude of embellishments - such as jewels, buttons, and buckles - to create an interesting design. This can be a wonderful way to set yourself apart fashion wise and give your outfit an extra sophistication and creativity that you just can’t purchase in a store.

Even if you have never sewed before, you still have the opportunity to make your own handmade handbag. Many local fabric or craft stores offer sewing lessons for a very reasonable price - and some even for free. If you have ever been interested in sewing, let a handmade handbag be your first project.

Better still, if you are talented in this way - or even if you’re just starting out and have found that you rather enjoy it - you can create a handmade handbag as a creative and unforgettable gift for someone you love. There’s nothing more appreciated than a gift that’s made by hand.

But even if you do not wish to make a handbag yourself, you can still purchase a beautiful handmade handbag. There are many boutiques that specialize in handcrafted handbags; and in some cases they do not produce more than one of a kind. There are also a multitude of online resources where you can purchase a handmade handbag from their gallery or commission them to make a handbag especially for you. These handbags can cost quite a bit more, but can be well worth it in quality and craftsmanship.

A handmade handbag can elevate an outfit to a dynamic level. The next time you wish to purchase a handbag, think about making or purchasing a handmade handbag; its beauty and quality can make it a cherished accessory for many years to come.

For easy to understand, in depth information about handmade handbag visit our ezGuide 2 Handbags.

Family Fun Activities - How To Have Fun With Your Family

Are you looking for some family fun activities? Do you wonder how to have fun with your family? Family entertainment is often advertised as expensive and requiring a great deal of planning, but the truth is that real family fun is neither. While the family fun activities each family enjoys are unique to each individual family, there are only three simple rules to follow to enjoy fun together: Keep it cheap, keep it simple, and keep it together.

It is important to keep the majority (if not all) of your family fun activities either inexpensive or free. Most families are on a tight budget and simply cannot afford to engage in costly recreation on a regular basis. So why not create some fun activities that are cheap or even free? If your entertainment is free or cheap then you are much more likely to engage in it on a regular basis. Take a look around your community for opportunities. Look for community parks and events, keep a note of church or school activities from concerts to plays, and plan activities for your family that could include friends such as a backyard treasure hunt or kickball game. While a trip to the amusement park can certainly be fun, your children will also enjoy just having fun in their own backyard with you.

While it is occasionally OK to go all out with a family entertainment outing, most of the time you should keep your family fun simple. If you spend too much time and energy planning or organizing the fun then you will not have the time and energy to enjoy the fun and your family. Plus, the simple truth is that simple is often better when it comes to kids. If you are together then your activity can be as simple as a walk or day in the park. It is also important to remember that is you regular plan complicated outings then you will need to keep creating ever more complicated arrangements to keep their interest. However if you start simple and small then you have a lot of room to increase the level of activity.

Finally, the one important element you need to remember when planning your family fun is to keep it together. What you do and where you do it is not important so long as you do it as a family. The together is what is important (and of course the fun) but everything else is not.

There are only three basic rules for family fun: keep it cheap, keep it simple, and keep it together. If you and your family follow these rules then you can easily plan a lifetime of family fun that will bring your family closer together.

Deanna Mascle shares more Family Fun Activities and Family Entertainment Tips at http://familyfunforyou.com

Are Your Real Estate Investments Diversified?

Investing in real estate does not have to be complicated nor concentrated in a specific type of property. Most experienced investors and financial planners have a plan or a strategy to accomplish their goals. One good strategy, and if you have the capital to acquire more property, is to buy various types of property or properties in different locations such as appreciating areas, ones that demonstrate cash flow, some speculation and possibly overseas.

The strategy of investing in different types of property is a safe and good long term plan which shields you from the up and downs of the market. It is called being diversified. In real estate markets that appreciate rapidly, properties can decrease as well, especially if you invested at the end of the real estate cycle. Once that happens, we see investors bail out and move towards cash flow properties. Cash flow properties are ones that cover your mortgage payment in excess. Your mortgage payment consists of principal, interest, taxes and insurance, also known as P.I.T.I. Cash flow properties are mainly multi-unit properties such as a duplex, triplex, fourplex or apartment buildings. Depending on the location, these may also be called two-family, three-family and four-family homes respectively. Two or more unit properties generate cash flow better than single family homes because they have two or more units.

As rents go up over the years, these properties’ rents increase quicker than a single family home because there are multiple units. All of the units increase while a single family home sees it rent increase as well. The key word here is a “single unit” increases while “multiple units” increase on a multi-family home.

For example, we have two properties in the same neighborhood; one is a 3 bedroom single family home with 1500 square feet valued at $350,000 and used as an investment property brings in rent of $1,500 per month. The other is a side by side two-family home with 1600 square feet, consisting of (2) 2 bedroom units valued at $350,000 brings in rent from each unit at $800 per month.

Four years later, all tenants move out for some reason. Currently, the single family yields rent of $1,700 while the two-family units bring in rent of $950 for each unit. The single family rent increased 3.25% per year, while the two-family home increased 4.75% per year. We used these figures to demonstrate that the average person will choose a unit that rents for $950 with one less bedroom vs. a unit with one more bedroom that rents for almost $800 more per month in a declining or up market. It’s even better if one of the two-family homes has a three bedroom unit.

In addition, which property do you think will appreciate faster? It seems that the two-family is undervalued since it has four bedrooms if one were to convert it to a single family home.

The cash flow comparison is even more eye-catching when using a single family home or a two to four-family home against an apartment building which is defined as five or more units. Imagine the five unit buildings incremental increase in rents. A vacant unit in a multi-unit property can be handled easier than a vacancy in a single family home because the other unit(s) are still bringing in rental income. Therefore, diversifying your real estate investments into two to four unit properties or apartment investing is a wise choice.

Frank Collins is an active real estate professional and an editor for Tristar Property

The Benefits Of Salon Hair Care

For most of us, taking care of our bodies is a natural part of our day. We’ve been bombarded with the messages that tell us that diet, exercise, and taking care of ourselves on a number of different levels can result in increased healthy and vitality - and we’ve heeded the advice, heading to the gym and watching what we eat. But part of caring for ourselves includes taking care of the outside; how we look says a lot about who we are and putting care and attention into our hair, clothes, makeup, and overall grooming can make the difference in how people perceive us and, most importantly, how we feel about ourselves. Taking care of your hair, especially, will go a long way towards setting the tone for your overall style and pulling together a look that’s uniquely you. And when it comes to making sure you look your best, salon hair care is paramount to healthy and attractive hair.

Salon hair care simply means the frequent visiting of a salon and professional hair stylist to ensure that your hair is healthy. Healthy hair is beautiful hair and there is no getting around this simple fact. For some, trimming their hair at home has become part of their routine. But a professional hair stylist can offer a level of expertise that will ensure that you have the hairstyle - and color - that looks best on you. And most important to remember is that salon hair care does not have to mean expensive hair care.

There are many high-end salons today that offer superlative service with expensive price tags. Depending on where you live, it is always possible to find hair salons that offer just as quality salon hair care at a much lower price and the answer lies in overhead. Look for smaller salons that have fewer stylists and are located just a little bit off the beaten path. It’s a simple equation; when their rent is cheaper your salon hair care is cheaper.

Salon hair care will mean a professional cut and style along with a thorough shampoo and conditioning treatment. If you have particularly dry hair then salon hair care is imperative to maintaining a healthy level of moisture in your hair.

When it comes to color, salon hair care is the way to go in order to find the color that is right for you skin tone. More than anything, color that is not done professionally can go horribly wrong. Stick with the experts when it comes to coloring - and caring for - your hair; you won’t be sorry.

For easy to understand, in depth information about salon hair care visit our ezGuide 2 Hair Care.

Bitter Fennel Oil Natural Diuretic

Biter Fennel ( Foeniculum vulgare ) - PROPERTIES & ACTIONS INCLUDE:

Antidepressant - alleviates or prevents depression, lifts mood, counters melancholia

Anti-inflammatory - controls, alleviates inflammation resulting from injury or infection

Anti-nausea - prevents and relieves nausea

Antiseptic - prevents, halts infection

Antispasmodic - calms nervous and muscular spasms, for colic, pain and indigestion

Diuretic - Increases urine flow

Hormone - a product of living cells that produces a specific effect on the activity of cells remote from its point of origin

Nervine - strengthening and toning to the nerves and nervous system

Tonic - strengthens and enlivens the whole or specific parts of the body

A sweet and soft licorice aroma that’s reminiscent of anise Fennel is a natural diuretic and relieves the discomfort associated with fluid retention in the body.

Fennel oil relieves premenstrual tension and bloating.

Its hormone like activity may help tone breast tissue and stimulate the production of milk in lactating mothers.

Due to its cleansing and tonifying effects it is often recommended for treating cellulite, as well as digestive system complaints such as weak or sluggish digestion, or flatulence.

Good for treating bruises as Fennel reabsorbs the blood to speed healing, black and blue discoloration of tissues fades quickly.

Use as a tonic before exercise for production of energy, as well as to relieve tired muscles after exercise and to facilitate the release of lactic acids.

Helpful the morning after a night of overindulgence in alcohol, tobacco, or other toxic substance.

Fennel makes a wonderful detoxifying bath alone or in a blend!

Use it for treating eye inflammation such as conjunctivitis or pink eye.

Fennel relieves nervous exhaustion after extended periods of work or exercise.

CAUTION: Can irritate sensitive skin. Due to its natural diruretic properties please avoid during pregnancy. Not for use by people with epilepsy.

PLEASE NOTE: There are many cheap, synthetic copies of aromatic oils, but these are not recommended for therapeutic use. For best results purchase the highest quality oils you can possibly find. Use certified organic essential oils, or oils that have been tested and are pesticide free.

Holistic MindBody Therapy, including pure essential oils, are gentle, noninvasive complementary forms of health care for balancing and synchronizing your body, mind and spirit and a natural, safe and effective way to enhance your health and well-being. Holistic health care may produce satisfying results where other methods have failed. Please consult with your physician regarding serious health concerns and do not attempt to self diagnose.

KG has developed massage training and holistic health programs for the spa industry, health clubs and clinics, schools, resorts, as well as for individual clients. She is a MindBody Therapist and Health Educator with advanced certification and training in Bowen Therapy, BodyTalk and Aromatherapy. She is the owner of Springhill Wellness Center and the founder & director of PurePlant Essentials aromatherapy products.

Click to order http://www.kgstiles.com/moreinfo/fennelbitter.htm BITTER FENNEL PURE ESSENTIAL OIL

Click to find out about KG’s other fine aromatherapy products http://www.kgstiles.com/pureplantessentials.html PUREPLANT ESSENTIALS

Click to learn about http://www.kgstiles.com/presentations.htm KG’s Presentations and Workshops

More Info? Contact: KG Stiles at Springhill Wellness Center, 2520 Springhill Drive Ashland, OR USA (541) 941-7315 Mahalo!

Develop an Attitude of Gratitude and Transform Your Life

Scientists have discovered that there is a link between gratitude and well being.

Grateful people have more enthusiasm, are more satisfied with their life, have more vitality, are more optimistic and have lower levels of depression and stress.

“Gratitude is not only the greatest of virtues, but the parent of all the others.” Cicero

Gratitude is reciprocal. One act of gratitude encourages another. Your act of gratitude can trigger a chain reaction.

“A generous person will prosper; the one who refreshes others will be refreshed.” Proverbs

Gratitude opens doors for you, enriches your life and overflows into other people’s lives. Create an atmosphere of gratitude and watch it transform your life.

How do you create an atmosphere of gratitude?

  • Take pleasure in the small things of life
  • Reach beyond yourself and do good to other people
  • Give with no strings attached
  • Be appreciative - tell people what you appreciate about them - you’ll make their day
  • Remember to say thank you
  • Give praise
  • Focus on what you have and what’s going right in your life
  • Start a gratitude journal - record small things that make you smile, add photos of people you are grateful for
  • Write at least 5 things each day for which you are grateful
  • Show your gratitude by giving a card or small gift
  • Concentrate on solutions rather than problems
  • Look for the good in people and situations
  • Spend time helping people who are worse off than you
  • Do small kindnesses and bring joy to someone’s heart
  • Write a thank you letter for all the good things in your life

It’s really easy to make someone’s day, all it takes is a small act of generosity or a few encouraging words. Just doing it will make you feel good too.

Start developing a grateful attitude and watch you well being soar.

You can start transforming your life today.

When you subscribe to my free newsletter - The 5 Minute Life Coach, I’ll send you a valuable free guide - Be Your Own Life Coach Now. This step by step guide will help you to start changing your life straight away. And each month, I’ll send you a link to a valuable free eBook.

You’ll find more coaching articles at http://www.christianlifecoaching.co.uk

Lynne Lee is a Christian life coach and spiritual mentor. She helps people to re-design their lives around what matters most.

Copyright: Lynne Lee - All rights reserved

A Brief History of Internet Hoaxes

A Brief History of Internet Hoaxes

Any one who uses email these days is familiar with the omnipresent spam fills up your inbox or your junk folder (if you are a bit more savvy). Worse than the "normal" spam are the hoaxes and urban legends that are sent out by well meaning but uninformed friends and family. I get several of these each month. I have worked hard to keep them to a minimum and have alienated several of my friends in the process. Have you ever wondered where or who started the hoaxes and urban legends. I mean who made up the first internet hoax? What was it? I wondered about it so I did some research. Here’s what I found.

The First Hoax

Computer Incident Advisory Capability (CIAC.org) has been providing the U.S. Department of Energy with incident response, reporting and tracking of computer security incidents since 1989. According to CIAC, the first known internet hoax was perpetrated in October of 1988 and was the so-called "2400 baud modem virus". The actual text of the hoax is shown below:

===================================================

SUBJ: Really Nasty Virus

AREA: GENERAL (1)

I’ve just discovered probably the world’s worst computer virus yet. I had just finished a late night session of BBS’ing and file treading when I exited Telix 3 and attempted to run pkxarc to unarc the software I had downloaded. Next thing I knew my hard disk was seeking all over and it was apparently writing random sectors. Thank god for strong coffee and a recent backup. Everything was back to normal, so I called the BBS again and downloaded a file. When I went to use ddir to list the directory, my hard disk was getting trashed again. I tried Procomm Plus TD and also PC Talk 3. Same results every time. Something was up so I hooked up to my test equipment and different modems (I do research and development for a local computer telecommunications company and have an in-house lab at my disposal). After another hour of corrupted hard drives I found what I think is the world’s worst computer virus yet. The virus distributes itself on the modem sub-carrier present in all 2400 baud and up modems. The sub-carrier is used for ROM and register debugging purposes only, and otherwise serves no othr (sp) purpose. The virus sets a bit pattern in one of the internal modem registers, but it seemed to screw up the other registers on my USR. A modem that has been "infected" with this virus will then transmit the virus to other modems that use a subcarrier (I suppose those who use 300 and 1200 baud modems should be immune). The virus then attaches itself to all binary incoming data and infects the host computer’s hard disk. The only way to get rid of this virus is to completely reset all the modem registers by hand, but I haven’t found a way to vaccinate a modem against the virus, but there is the possibility of building a subcarrier filter. I am calling on a 1200 baud modem to enter this message, and have advised the sysops of the two other boards(names withheld). I don’t know how this virus originated, but I’m sure it is the work of someone in the computer telecommunications field such as myself. Probably the best thing to do now is to stick to 1200 baud until we figure this thing out.

===================================================

Now for those of you that are unfamiliar with modems from that time period, the 2400 baud modem was the latest technology in 1988. It is certain that the hoax didn’t propagate to nearly the degree that a similar hoax would today but in its day this hoax caused its share of headaches. On a lighter note, the 2400 baud modem hoax also spawned the spoof hoax shown below.

===================================================

Date: 11-31-88 (24:60) Number: 32769

To: ALL Refer#: NONE

From: ROBERT MORRIS III Read: (N/A)

Subj: VIRUS ALERT Status: PUBLIC MESSAGE

Warning: There’s a new virus on the loose that’s worse than anything I’ve seen before! It gets in through the power line, riding on the powerline 60 Hz subcarrier. It works by changing the serial port pinouts, and by reversing the direction one’s disks spin. Over 300,000 systems have been hit by it here in Murphy, West Dakota alone! And that’s just in the last 12 minutes.

It attacks DOS, Unix, TOPS-20, Apple-II, VMS, MVS, Multics, Mac, RSX-11, ITS, TRS-80, and VHS systems.

To prevent the spresd of the worm:

1) Don’t use the powerline.

2) Don’t use batteries either, since there are rumors that this virus has invaded most major battery plants and is infecting the positive poles of the batteries. (You might try hooking up just the negative pole.)

3) Don’t upload or download files.

4) Don’t store files on floppy disks or hard disks.

5) Don’t read messages. Not even this one!

6) Don’t use serial ports, modems, or phone lines.

7) Don’t use keyboards, screens, or printers.

8) Don’t use switches, CPUs, memories, microprocessors, or mainframes.

9) Don’t use electric lights, electric or gas heat or airconditioning, running water, writing, fire, clothing or the wheel.

I’m sure if we are all careful to follow these 9 easy steps, this virus can be eradicated, and the precious electronic fluids of our computers can be kept pure.

—RTM III

===================================================

So that’s where it started. From that humble beginning the creative hoaxsters around the world have conjured forth the likes of these…

Bill Gates $1000 giveaway

It takes guts to Say "Jesus"

Then there’s my personal favorite…

Clinton got rid of IRS — no more taxes

For more information on the silly hoaxes that people buy into checkout hoaxbusters.ciac.org. But if you really want to do yourself and your friends a favor take the following tips to heart.

  1. Any piece of email that has the request to "send this to everyone you know" is a hoax or just a useless chain letter.
  2. Hoaxes can also be identified by two factors that always occur together. Those factors are technical sounding language together with credibility by association. (e.g. "The engineers at Bell Labs and IBM have determined that….")
  3. Chain letters can be identified easily by using a bit of common sense. Look for the "hook". For example, the "A little girl is dying" chain letter hooks you with a sympathetic story. Once you’ve found the hook refer to tip #1.

Save your relationships with your friends and family…forward this article to everyone you know. (Just kidding!)

Tackling Everyday Chaos With Natural Stress Relief

There are few among us who can admit that the craziness of everyday life has not resulted in feeling stress at some point or another. With juggling family life with ever-increasing work responsibilities the pressure to keep up with demanding schedules are at an all-time high. For many of us, this means battling stress that can sometimes take over our day causing us physical and emotional ramifications that can affect our overall health. In an effort to battle this stress, some turn to mediations to ease their symptoms and keep their thoughts focused. But for others, a commitment to natural stress relief can mean tackling stress without a dependency on pills.

Natural stress relief comes in many forms and what must first be understood is that what works for one person may not necessarily work for another. Just as our stress differs, so does the ways in which we relieve it. But it is rare that one form or another of natural stress relief will not work for someone. The key is to make yourself a priority and take care of yourself - even if it’s just fifteen minutes a day. But for some, keeping that commitment can be a lot more difficult than it sounds.

Most often, a holistic approach is the best form of natural stress relief. This many include a periodic massage. Massage has been shown to reduce stress, lower heart rate, and even lower blood pressure. Make a standing appointment for a massage - whatever variety most appeals to you - at least once a month. This may sound like an extravagant luxury but how much does a massage cost in comparison to the cost of ongoing medication?

Exercise has also been shown to be a significant form of natural stress relief. Sometimes, just simply turning off the day and focusing on yourself for an hour can make all the difference in the world. Not only does exercise benefit you physically but it benefits you emotionally as well; this comes from the release of worries while you also release adrenalin and endorphins - natural hormones that reduce stress and ease the body.

For others, meditation fits the bill when it comes to natural stress relief. Taking a moment - or several minutes - in which you sit quietly with your own thoughts, and nothing else, can be enormously relaxing. Of course, meditation is actually a learned skill so in order to learn how to clear you mind you may need some initial instruction.

Additionally, some people find that acupuncture, therapeutic massage, and chiropractic work all help in alleviating stress. Ultimately it is up to you to find the thing that brings you comfort and joy and provides you with a reprieve from the outside world.

For easy to understand, in depth information about natural stress relief visit our ezGuide 2 Stress Relief.

Africa Botswana Travel & Tips Information

Once upon a time a river took a journey and lost its way in the desert. Instead of drowning in despair, it luxuriated in its solitude, spread its liquid resource into a delta and created nature’s greatest kaleidoscope. It became known by the mokoro boatmen as Okavango. It became known by conservationists as the jewel of the Kalahari.

The Okavango, however, is only one facet of the wilderness we parcel up for you. For the optimum wildlife experience, we annex the other great gameviewing areas: the drylands of the Okavango in the Moremi; Chobe National Park including Savute - the kingdom of the lion; the endless stretches of the wild Kalahari and Makgadikgadi; the big tusker country of the Tuli.

This is a country of adventure, challenge and discovery: mokoro trails up secret waterways; overnight camping on islands and highlands; fighting the mighty Tiger Fish; surveying the vastness from elephant and horse back; admiring the abundant bird and wildlife; discovery of weird and wonderful plant and tree species on bush walks; sampling the Okavango bream, the sweetest eating fish of the realm.

Most of all, it’s a unique experience just being there.

Welcome Tourism Services has extensive knowledge and experience resulting in a comprehensive offering ranging from mobile safaris to tailor made fly-ins and special interest adventures. Our close association with Air Botswana, working directly with the internal charter companies, and product knowledge, affords us the flexibility to link lodges from different operators, ensuring innovative itineraries based on clients’ preferences.

Our approach to customising safaris is to give clients an intense experience of the areas visited. This means concentrating on the highlights. In Botswana there are 4 wildlife and wilderness highlight experiences. A stay in a water camp to explore the wetlands of the famed Okavango Delta by motorised craft or mokoro (dug out canoe).

A stay in a dual or land camp to view a great variety of game and bird life from an open safari vehicle. A venture into the Chobe area including Savute, a harsh land where the battle for survival is desperate and prides of African lion are dominant. On a mobile safari tracking migratory herds of game through the endless vistas of the wild Kalahari.

In addition, some of our special interest safaris will take you to lesser-known areas and add a special touch to your Botswana sojourn.

Welcome Tourism Services represents all accommodation establishments in Botswana, from hotels suitable for groups to luxury tented camps and lodges and old-style rustic safari camps. The emphasis is on personal service, comfort, convenience and good food, all within the spirit of wilderness life.

With a population of about 1.5 million people and covering almost 582 000 square kilometres, Botswana is one of the most sparsely populated countries in Africa. Having scarcely been developed under a British colonial administration between 1885 and 1966, the discovery of diamonds, a year after independence, has allowed Botswana to develop rapidly.

Sir Seretse Khama, the country’s first post-independence president, being one of the most remarkable and far future thinking leaders that any nation could wish for, laid the foundations for a free and uncompromisingly democratic society, which with continuing political stability and economic growth, truly makes Botswana a role model for success in Africa.

With the exception of the eastern part of the country, which receives slightly higher summer rainfall and hence is the most densely populated region, most of Botswana is technically desert. This makes the Okavango Delta, situated in the north-west of the country, particularly unique. At around 17 000 square kilometres the Okavango is the world’s largest inland delta and is an extraordinary wetland environment surrounded by the strikingly flat and arid Kalahari Desert, the world’s largest expanse of sand.

The northern portion of the Okavango Delta is known as the ‘panhandle’. Here, the river is mostly still confined to its banks with seemingly limitless beds of papyrus. The area is attractive to birdwatchers and those hoping to glimpse the rare and elusive Sitatunga antelope. It is also popular with sport fishermen for the renowned Tiger Fish.

The Okavango Delta is a labyrinth of islands, secret lagoons and hidden water channels. It varies in size throughout the year, being dependant largely on the rains which fall in the Angolan Highlands, 1 000 kilometres to the north. Although the flood arrives in the panhandle in March, it doesn’t reach Maun at the southerly end of the delta until August.

The Moremi Wildlife Reserve occupies a large portion of the Okavango Delta. It contains diverse habitat, ranging from permanent swamp to floodplains, islands and large areas of dry land including ‘Chiefs Island’ and the ‘Mopane Tongue’ of dry scrub and Kalahari sands, which results in prolific bird and animal life.

The Chobe National Park in the north of Botswana is noted for the superb game viewing year round along the river front and famous for the heaviest concentrations of elephant to be found anywhere in Africa today.

The Kwando, Selinda and Linyanti areas do not perhaps symbolise Botswana in the same way that the Okavango and Chobe do, yet tucked along the border with Namibia’s Caprivi Strip these areas remain Africa in its most untouched form. Those who have visited the area, speak of it with reverence and awe.

The complex of salt pans found in eastern Botswana are a striking feature and some of the largest in the world. The Makgadikgadi Pans cover nearly 12 000 square kilometres. The remains of an ancient super lake rich in archaeological evidence, undergoes a radical transformation in the rainy summer months from a landscape offering nothing but sand, salt and sky to one teeming with tens of thousands of migrating zebra and wildebeest and countless water and wading birds.

More than 17% of Botswana is set aside for national parks and a further 15% devoted to private reserves and game is prolific both inside and outside the boundaries thereof. More than 160 species of mammals and nearly 600 species of birds can be found. With its pristine wilderness and policy of exclusivity, Botswana provides an authentic safari experience for the discerning traveller.

Gerald Crawford was born in South Africa, studied electronics, telecommunication, eco-travel and african travel concepts. He taught responsible tourism in South Africa. If you have any questions or comments please e-mail me on. E-mail Address: southafricantravelarticles@12234455.co.za Website Address: http://www.12234455.co.za

Africa Zambia Travel & Tips Information

When you really want to appreciate nature, solid structures are more of a hindrance than a blessing. When you arrive at a Zambian game viewing venue, you will find easy open structures fashioned of porous canvas and indigenous materials with the majesty of nature all around you - the towering trees of the wilderness, open house in camp for browsers and even the odd Puku. When you’re in your tent, reeded bungalow, or thatched cottage, you are part of the warp and weft of the wilderness environment.

Birdcalls, rustlings in the grass, the distant roar of a hunting lion float right into your range of hearing and you experience the sweetness of nature’s breath. Within an easy amble, the open-sided common rooms and airy enclosures allow you to congregate with your safari companions for informal conversations … open fire reveries under the stars … and hearty meals to set you up for a contented sleep, leading to super vigilance for game viewing excursions.

Explorer’s Africa will always be in vogue … but Welcome Tourism Services believes a fair measure of luxury is fashionable too.

Zambia is often described as the ‘real Africa’ and it is easy to see why. The country is famed for its huge protected wilderness areas and the South Luangwa National Park is home to arguably the most diverse range of game in Africa. Birds are also found in rich profusion.

With Africa’s wildlife areas rapidly disappearing, Zambia remains the least disturbed and commercialised and is still blessed with lush vegetation, abundant water and a firm commitment to preserve her vast tracts of African wilderness, spread over 19 National Parks and 33 game management areas.

A safari in Zambia offers a legendary wildlife experience on game drives in open vehicles, on walking safaris through pristine bush, or canoeing safaris down the Zambezi.

Some of the most knowledgeable wildlife experts in the world run the safari operations in Zambia. This, together with vigorous standards of training for guides, rangers and trackers ensures wildlife enthusiasts are provided with an in-depth and entertaining exploration of the African bush. The warm welcome of the Zambian people and culture provide an added dimension to an unforgettable experience.

Welcome Tourism Services believes that like Botswana, Zambia is best suited to tailor made tours and safaris. Although we have highlighted some itineraries and special interest opportunities, there are a multitude of safaris, accommodation choices and activities available. Our specialised consultants will tailor make the ideal Zambian adventure based on client interest, budget and time frames available ensuring each safari epitomizes the spirit of Africa.

Covering 750 000 sq. km Zambia sits on a plateau averaging 1 300 metres above sea level. Though situated in the tropic belt of south central Africa, Zambia’s elevation gives it a moderate climate. There are three seasons: warm and wet between Dec and Apr; cool and dry from May to Aug; hot and dry from Sept to Nov. The wet season (particularly Oct) is noticeably humid in the Zambezi and Luangwa Valleys.

Zambia gained its independence in 1964 under Dr. Kenneth Kaunda and became a Commonwealth republic. In 1972 the country was declared a one party state but reverted to multi party politics in December 1990.

The basis of Zambia’s economy is the mining of copper and cobalt, which together provide more than 90% of the country’s foreign exchange earnings. Extensive efforts are being made to diversify its economic base with agriculture, manufacturing and international tourism becoming increasingly important and the country remains one of Africa’s most prosperous nations.

Starting life as a simple railway halt in 1905, Lusaka has been Zambia’s capital since 1935 and today is one of the fastest growing cities in central Africa. Of special interest are the stunning Munda Wanga Botanical Gardens and adjoining zoo, the Anglican Cathedral of the Holy Cross, the Zambian Gemstone and Polishing Works (producing fine jewellery from precious and semi-precious stones) and the bustling Luburma Market.

Prior to 1935, Livingstone was the capital of what was then called Northern Rhodesia and is situated about 10 km from the magnificent Victoria Falls on the Zambezi River. The Livingstone Museum is the country’s national museum, tracing the history of man in Zambia, and has a particularly good collection of memorabilia relating to the explorer/missionary Dr. David Livingstone. The Victoria Falls Field Museum stands on an archaeological site and displays stone tools from some 2.5 million years ago.

The Railway Museum traces the history of rail transport in Zambia and has a collection of locomotives and rolling stock dating back to the early 1900’s. The Maramba Cultural Village just outside Livingstone provides an interesting look at Zambian culture and the Hukini Village on the road to the gorges of Victoria Falls gives interesting demonstrations of crafts and carvings. The Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park is home to some of Zambia’s remaining rhino. A wide variety of adventure activities including white water rafting, kayaking, canoeing, microlighting and river cruises are available from all Livingstone based hotels and lodges.

Covering 22 500 sq. km, the Kafue National Park is bordered by the blue-green Kafue River and stretches from the vast Busanga Plains in the north, to the miombo woodlands of Nanzhila in the south. The park remains as it has been for centuries providing great diversity of landscape and habitat making it one of Africa’s most interesting and rewarding parks.

A profusion of game including elephant, lion, leopard, cheetah, hyena, buffalo, roan, sable and a wide variety of other antelope can be sighted regularly and the bird life is extensive and rich in variety. A short distance down stream from Lake Kariba is the Zambezi Valley, fringed by rugged escarpment and a veritable wildlife menagerie. Attracted by lush floodplains, verdant woodlands and permanent water, elephants, buffalo and antelope move in big herds. Lion, leopard and hyena maintain checks and balances. A river alive with fish and a land of habitat diversity has resulted in a bewildering range of bird species. Canoe safaris have become a popular way of exploring the Lower Zambezi, enabling visitors to get close to the wildlife in its natural environment.

Just three hours drive from Lusaka is the World Heritage Wetlands site of the Lochinvar National Park. Although not abundant in larger mammals, Lochinvar has outstanding birding opportunities, with over 428 recorded species. The park is situated on the southern edge of the Kafue Flats and is particularly well known for the large herds of Kafue Lechwe, Blue Wildebeest, zebra, buffalo, Greater Kudu, bushbuck, oribi, hippo, reedbuck, waterbuck and the elusive Sitatunga are also present.

The Luangwa Valley stretches the length of eastern Zambia. Framed by craggy escarpments and sustained by the dynamic Luangwa River, the valley is home to the North and South Luangwa National Parks. With a combined reach of 20 000 sq. km, the two parks encompass a raw wilderness of abundance and diversity where the relentless daily drama of survival plays to a small, privileged audience.

The valley is home to over 50 mammal species, predators are common, buffalo and elephants abundant and hippo choke the river in pods a hundred-strong. Over 400 bird species have been recorded and seasonal migrants enhance this bird lover’s paradise where storks and pelicans indulge in riotous ‘fishing parties’, Carmine Bee-eaters nest in thousands, Crowned Cranes whoop in flocks and vultures fill the sky along with 38 other raptor species.

Gerald Crawford was born in South Africa, studied electronics, telecommunication, eco-travel and african travel concepts. He taught responsible tourism in South Africa. If you have any questions or comments please e-mail me on. E-mail Address: southafricantravelarticles@12234455.co.za Website Address: http://www.12234455.co.za